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How to choose a matching speaker for amplifier in your audio system
This artilcle will let you know how to choose and amplifier matching with your speaker and vice versa.
1. Which one should you choose first, speaker or amplifier ?
You can choose any (speaker or amplifier) but should be one of them, not both of them at same time. The remaining one will be chosen to match with the first one.
2. Technical data.
In speaker, you need to see the response frequency of speaker and its sensitive (the most important factor as buying speakers).
Response frequency is the range of frequency sound that speakers can generate. Generally, it should be from 20Hz to 20KHz, but most of speakers in the market can only play well in range of response frequency from 50Hz~18Khz. As you choose amplifier matching with speakers you need to choose amplifier that has response frequency is wider than speaker. Almost amplifier in market now has reaponse frequency from 20Hz to 20KHz , so in almost case you dont need to care much to this technical character.
Sensitive of a speaker
This is most important factor of a speaker that you need to look at as choosing matching amplifier for it. Sensitive is displayed as "db" and calculated with fomular dB = 10 Log P1/P2. But you dont need to remember that fomular, just remember these thing, if your speaker is 100db, you need 1-3W of amplifier to drive it, if your spekear has sensitive 90db, you need amplifier 10W-15W to drive it, if sensitive 80db, you need an amplifier with 30-50W to drive it. Almost vintage speaker has sensitive around 90-110db, so if you use vintage speaker, you dont need amplifier with much power. A morden speaker has low sensitive, around 70-80db, so you need much power to drive it.
So, how it will be if I use 20W power of amplifier with 100db speaker. There is no problem, dont worry, but some time 20W of amplifier will generate more hum than 100db speaker and you may hear more hum with a 20W of amplifier rather than 1W of amplifier. So if the hum level is good enough, you can use 20W amplifier with 100db speaker without problem.
1. Which one should you choose first, speaker or amplifier ?
You can choose any (speaker or amplifier) but should be one of them, not both of them at same time. The remaining one will be chosen to match with the first one.
2. Technical data.
In speaker, you need to see the response frequency of speaker and its sensitive (the most important factor as buying speakers).
Response frequency is the range of frequency sound that speakers can generate. Generally, it should be from 20Hz to 20KHz, but most of speakers in the market can only play well in range of response frequency from 50Hz~18Khz. As you choose amplifier matching with speakers you need to choose amplifier that has response frequency is wider than speaker. Almost amplifier in market now has reaponse frequency from 20Hz to 20KHz , so in almost case you dont need to care much to this technical character.
Sensitive of a speaker
This is most important factor of a speaker that you need to look at as choosing matching amplifier for it. Sensitive is displayed as "db" and calculated with fomular dB = 10 Log P1/P2. But you dont need to remember that fomular, just remember these thing, if your speaker is 100db, you need 1-3W of amplifier to drive it, if your spekear has sensitive 90db, you need amplifier 10W-15W to drive it, if sensitive 80db, you need an amplifier with 30-50W to drive it. Almost vintage speaker has sensitive around 90-110db, so if you use vintage speaker, you dont need amplifier with much power. A morden speaker has low sensitive, around 70-80db, so you need much power to drive it.
So, how it will be if I use 20W power of amplifier with 100db speaker. There is no problem, dont worry, but some time 20W of amplifier will generate more hum than 100db speaker and you may hear more hum with a 20W of amplifier rather than 1W of amplifier. So if the hum level is good enough, you can use 20W amplifier with 100db speaker without problem.
Amplifier Technical data
Response frequency: this is same as speaker, the response frequency that amplifier can handle. To an amplifier, as you turn the more output power the worst response frequency. Generally almost audio maker calculate at 1W of level to get a better technical data but in all Otomon amplifier, we calculate the response frequency at max output power of the amp so that as you saw this data in our website, it is the true ability of the amp. In most of amplifier, this factor is not much important, because, even with a good response frequency, it can not be said that, this amp is good or not because this factor can not show how much distortion the sound is.
Hum level : This is one of the most important factor as select an amp matching with your speaker. Above you talked about the sensitive speaker and that factor is decide which hum level the amp should be.
Generally, the hum level is acceptable if you stand 2m far from speaker, and can not notice the hum from speaker as no music. It means that the hum level should be 1mV or lower. The lower hum level, the better it is. With speaker with sensitive 80-90db, the hum level 1.5mV is acceptable but with speaker 100db or more, the hum level must be under 1mV and high recommend at level lower than 0.5mV.
The distortion (THD): the distortion of sound, as play music. generally, it should be under 5%, the power level will be calculated as THD is under 5%, so when I write in my listing the max power of the amp, it means that the power as THD is under 5%, we call it as max music power, not the max physical output power. Sometime the max physical output power is 20w but the max music output power is only 10W.
About Phono stage
Recorder player is always one of the best resource that generate the true sound, the musical, analog sound is always an irresistible attraction to all audiophiles. But it has a very big problem. Because the signal from recorder player is very small so as go through the amplifier, it is very easily to get hum. The hum is not come from amplifier, it comes from every thing, every device around it, especial the ground loop in your system. So before you think about order an phono amplifier, you have to know about ground loop, about the hum signal and how to cut off it from your system or not, using recorder player is just a nightmare.
Response frequency: this is same as speaker, the response frequency that amplifier can handle. To an amplifier, as you turn the more output power the worst response frequency. Generally almost audio maker calculate at 1W of level to get a better technical data but in all Otomon amplifier, we calculate the response frequency at max output power of the amp so that as you saw this data in our website, it is the true ability of the amp. In most of amplifier, this factor is not much important, because, even with a good response frequency, it can not be said that, this amp is good or not because this factor can not show how much distortion the sound is.
Hum level : This is one of the most important factor as select an amp matching with your speaker. Above you talked about the sensitive speaker and that factor is decide which hum level the amp should be.
Generally, the hum level is acceptable if you stand 2m far from speaker, and can not notice the hum from speaker as no music. It means that the hum level should be 1mV or lower. The lower hum level, the better it is. With speaker with sensitive 80-90db, the hum level 1.5mV is acceptable but with speaker 100db or more, the hum level must be under 1mV and high recommend at level lower than 0.5mV.
The distortion (THD): the distortion of sound, as play music. generally, it should be under 5%, the power level will be calculated as THD is under 5%, so when I write in my listing the max power of the amp, it means that the power as THD is under 5%, we call it as max music power, not the max physical output power. Sometime the max physical output power is 20w but the max music output power is only 10W.
About Phono stage
Recorder player is always one of the best resource that generate the true sound, the musical, analog sound is always an irresistible attraction to all audiophiles. But it has a very big problem. Because the signal from recorder player is very small so as go through the amplifier, it is very easily to get hum. The hum is not come from amplifier, it comes from every thing, every device around it, especial the ground loop in your system. So before you think about order an phono amplifier, you have to know about ground loop, about the hum signal and how to cut off it from your system or not, using recorder player is just a nightmare.
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